Forty years ago, it wasn't unusual to find
Lois Lee, Ph.D., J.D.
wandering the streets and alleys of Los Angeles at 3 a.m.; she even did so while pregnant with her son.
Dr. Lee was looking for victims of sex trafficking and those who exploited them.
Walking miles along Sunset, Santa Monica and Hollywood Boulevards, the then-24-year-old would hand out business cards with her hotline number, encouraging victims to call and letting them know what kind of help they'd find.
"These are girls, boys and transgender children that would fall between the cracks of the system," remembers Lee. "They had nowhere to go — no one was providing a bed or a school or offering to take care of these kids."
So, she created that place.
From 1979 to 1981, Lee housed more than 250 sex trafficking victims in her own home, all while building the
Children of the Night outreach program; the privately funded nonprofit organization would become unlike any other in existence, rescuing children from child prostitution and providing housing, education and treatment.
But perhaps most important, Lee gave them hope.
An Unimaginable Life
Lee was raised in Los Angeles, the eldest child in a family of three girls. It was a childhood she describes as healthy, safe and sheltered.
So when, as a graduate student at
California State University, Dominguez Hills, her faculty mentor Jeanne Curran, PhD., then a professor of sociology, introduced her to the underworld of sex trafficking, it was a wake-up call.
"I wanted to make everything better because I just couldn't imagine someone living in these types of conditions," explains Lee, who graduated from CSU Dominguez Hills with a bachelor's degree in behavioral science in 1973 and a master's in sociology in 1977.
It was at CSUDH that she developed the skills she'd later use to address child sex trafficking. Lee also taught courses at the campus's Social Systems Research Center, then led by Dr. Curran. The center has since been renamed the
Urban Community Research Center.
"Jeanne became a mentor for me, both on- and off-campus. She influenced my life and academic choices so much," says Lee, a first-generation college student.
"She and CSU Dominguez Hills empowered me."
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Victims, Not Criminals
Late one night in 1977, Lee received a call from a woman who operated an escort service. A 17-year-old she worked with had not returned and she was unable to contact her.
Afraid, she had called Lee for guidance. Lee went to the police, who dismissed the call and refused to help. The next morning, the girl's body was found; she had become one of the
Hillside Strangler's victims.
Frustrated by the lack of resources that were available to these girls, Lee appeared on an L.A. news broadcast, giving out her personal phone number and encouraging prostitutes with knowledge of the case to reach out to her directly. She promised confidentiality.
"I coordinated everything just as I had learned from Jeanne at CSU Dominguez Hills," Lee recalls. "And that was really the beginning of my work."
Lee would go on to play a critical role in the Hillside Strangler trial, testifying in the case and coordinating witnesses for the prosecution.
At just 27, Lee garnered attention when she sued the Los Angeles Police Department for prosecuting underage prostitutes while letting their customers go free.
She won the case and has gone on to file a number of other lawsuits.
"I taught vice detectives nationwide that there were children prostituting and they needed to be treated differently," says the President's Volunteer Action Award recipient. She strongly advocated — and still does — to have the children referred to and treated as victims, not criminals.
“There is no way that I can make what happened to these girls go away, but I can put distance between their old lifestyle and their life now.” — Dr. Lois Lee
Education: The Key to Success
To date, Children of the Night's president and founder is credited with rescuing more than 10,000 children from prostitution in the U.S.
The organization's shelter, located in Van Nuys, California, offers no-cost housing for as many as 12 children ages 11 to 17. They attend classes at the on-site school, receive individualized treatment, and participate in fun outings. A nationwide toll-free hotline is also staffed 24/7.
Lee sees education as the most fundamental of the services they offer, and attendance is mandatory for all residents.
"What's really important about the development of any society is to educate the people," she explains. "Through education, I was able to learn about the world. Education empowers."
While children are offered treatment to manage trauma, their past experiences are not the focus, Lee stresses. "I don't feel sorry for the children with whom I work," she says. "[That] incapacitates their ability to become strong and independent. I want the world for my kids. I have very high expectations of them."
Which is not to say she isn't deeply empathetic to what they've faced.
"There is no way that I can make what happened to them go away, but I can … put distance between their old lifestyle and their life now."